Which of the following might be included in a diagnosis of autism?

Behavioral observations play a crucial role in the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). These observations allow practitioners to assess the individual's social interaction, communication skills, and behavior patterns in natural settings. By observing how a person interacts with others and engages with their environment, clinicians can identify characteristic symptoms of autism, such as difficulties in social reciprocity or restricted interests and repetitive behaviors.

Apart from behavioral observations, other components may be considered in the diagnostic process, but they do not hold the same primary significance. For example, standardized verbal assessments and single intelligence tests can provide information about specific abilities but do not capture the nuanced behavioral patterns that are central to an autism diagnosis. Similarly, vision and hearing tests, while important for ruling out sensory impairments, do not directly contribute to an understanding of the core characteristics of autism.

Thus, behavioral observations are integral because they provide a direct and comprehensive look at the individual’s behavior in various contexts, allowing for a more accurate diagnosis of autism.